What materials should water closet screws and bolts be made of?

Water closet screws and bolts are typically recommended to be made of brass due to their strength and resistance to corrosion, especially in a damp environment like a bathroom. Brass is an alloy that includes copper and zinc, which gives it durability and helps prevent rust, making it suitable for applications in plumbing where exposure to moisture is common. Furthermore, brass has natural antimicrobial properties, contributing to sanitation.

Choosing brass for these components ensures that they can withstand the physical stresses associated with toilet installation while maintaining a long lifespan without compromising functionality or safety. In contrast, other materials like plastic may lack the structural integrity required for securely fastening the toilet and could degrade over time with exposure to moisture. Although stainless steel is resistant to corrosion and is strong, it may create issues with galvanic corrosion if it comes into contact with other metals. Aluminum, while lightweight, is not ideal for plumbing applications due to its susceptibility to corrosion and lack of strength compared to brass. Thus, brass is the superior choice for water closet screws and bolts.